Capital of India: New Delhi is the capital of India.

Capital of India (New Delhi) : If you want to know in detail about Capital of India, then read this article carefully. Today we are going to give you complete information about the Capital of India, which you may not know about.

Capital of India i.e. New Delhi is located in the North Region of India. New Delhi (Capital of India) is a union territory of India. It also has its own legislative assembly. Capital of India i.e. New Delhi is the only union territory of India which has its own assembly.

Information about New Delhi, the capital of India

New Delhi, Capital of India

New Delhi is the capital of India. It serves as the Centre of the Government of India and the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is located within the Delhi metropolis, and is one of the eleven districts of the Union Territory of Delhi. The capital of India was Calcutta (now Kolkata) until 1911 during the British rule over India.

The British rulers felt that if Delhi was made the capital instead of Calcutta, the task of governance would be better. After considering this, the British Maharaja George V ordered to take the capital of India to Delhi.

In the year 2011, the population of Delhi metropolis was 2.2 million. The population of Delhi makes it the fifth most populous city in the world, and India’s largest metropolis. Even by area, Delhi is one of the largest metros in the world.

After Mumbai, it is the second richest city in the country, and Delhi’s GDP ranks second among cities in south, west and Central Asia. New Delhi (Capital of India) is known for its wide roads, tree-lined roads and many of the country’s top institutions and landmarks.

History of New Delhi | History of Capital of India

If you want to know the history of the capital of India i.e. New Delhi, then today we will tell you its complete history. Let’s know History of Capital of India or History of New Delhi.

Delhi was known as the capital of ancient Indraprastha in the Indian epic Mahabharata. Till the beginning of the nineteenth century there used to be a village named Indraprastha in Delhi.

The graffiti found in the excavations carried out under the supervision of the Archaeological Survey of India has been planted a thousand years before its age, which is associated with the time of Mahabharata, but no evidence of the population of that time has yet been found. Some historians consider Indraprastha around the old fort.

The first evidences found archaeologically are linked to the Mauryan period (300 BCE). Since then, there is evidence of population numbers continuously. An inscription of Ashoka received in 1966 (273 – 300 BC) was found at Srinivas Puri in Delhi. This inscription, known as the famous iron pillar, can now be seen in Qutub-Minar.

This pillar is believed to be of Gupta period (700-400) and later brought to Delhi in the tenth century. The Pillar though not originally of the Qutub complex, appears to have been brought here from some other place. It was probably brought by the Tomar king, Anangpal-II (1051-10, 1), from a place called Uday Giri in central India.

History says that an Iron Pillar was established in Delhi between 10–11 centuries and at that time there was Tomar Raja Anangpal II (1051-1081) in Delhi, while the Iron pillar was brought to Delhi, mentioned by Prithviraj Raaso. Whereas Ferozeshah Tughlaq was the king of Delhi in the 13th century, how can he bring it in the 10th century.

In Chanderbardai’s work Prithviraj Raso, King Anangpal of the Tomar dynasty is described as the founder of Delhi. It is believed that he built the ‘red coat’ and brought the iron pillar to Delhi.

The reign of Tomar dynasty in Delhi is believed to date from 900-1200 AD. The use of the word ‘Delhi’ or ‘Delhi’ was first found on inscriptions found in Udaipur, the time of which was set 1170 AD.

Probably by 1316 AD, it had become the capital of Haryana. After 1206 AD, Delhi became the capital of the Sultanate, with the Khilji dynasty, the Tughlaq dynasty, the Syed dynasty and the Lodhi dynasty some other dynasties.

Establishment of Delhi, Capital of India

The capital of India was Calcutta (now Kolkata) during the British Raj until December 1911.Delhi was the political and financial centre for many empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, especially during the rule of the Mughal Empire from 1694 to 1857.

In the early 1900s, the British administration was proposed to make Delhi from the capital of India, Calcutta. At that time, the British Government of India felt that it would be easier to administer India from Delhi located in the centre of North India.

The British Government brought in “Land Acquisition Act 1894” to make Delhi as the capital of India and to acquire land for the construction of a new city. Land was acquired for the capital of India by the Act of 1894.

On 12 December 1911, during the Delhi Durbar, Coronation Park, laying the foundation stone for the Viceroy’s residence at Kingsway Camp (now Guruteg Bahadur Nagar), was announced by the then Emperor of India, George V and his Queen Mary that the British Indian Empire The capital will be shifted from Kolkata to Delhi.

During their royal visit to the King’s Camp on 15 December 1911, George V and Queen Mary laid the foundation of New Delhi at the 1911 Delhi Durbar. The construction of large parts of New Delhi was planned by Edwin Lutyens (who first visited Delhi in 1912) and Herbert Baker. Both were the leaders of 20th century British architects.

The contract for construction was awarded to Sobha Singh. The construction work was to be started from the fort of Tughlakabad in Tughlakabad, but it was stopped due to the Delhi-Calcutta trunk line, which passed through the fort. In fact construction started after the First World War and was completed in 1931.

The name of the city was changed to “Lutyens Delhi” inaugurated on 10 February 1931, by Lord Irwin, the then King of India. Edwin Lutyens, with British imperialism as the foundation, created the central administrative areas of the city.

Soon Lutyens began to consider constructions in other places. Indeed, the Delhi Town Planning Committee constituted to plan the construction of Delhi, George Swinton as chairman, and John A. Brody and Edwin Lutyens as members, presented reports for both the North and the South.

However, the Viceroy rejected it due to the high cost. The central axis of New Delhi (Capital of India), which is to the east of India Gate, was to make it a north-south axis, with plans to connect Rashtrapati Bhavan at one end and Paharganj at the other end. During the early years of the project, many tourists believed that it was a gate connecting the earth to heaven.

Eventually, due to land constraints and the presence of a large number of historical sites to the North, the committee selected the southern part. A site atop the Raisina Hill, (formerly Raisina Village – a Meo Village) at Rashtrapati Bhavan. Was chosen for construction, which was then known as Viceroy’s House.

The reason for this choice was that the hill was located directly opposite the Dinpanah stronghold, which was also considered to be the site of Indraprastha, the ancient region of Delhi. Subsequently, the foundation stone was transferred from the Delhi Durbar of 1911–1912, where the Coronation Pillar stood and was studded in the walls of the forecourt of the Secretariat.

Rajpath, also known as Kings Way, extends from India Gate to Rashtrapati Bhavan. The Secretariat building, of which the two divisions Rashtrapati Bhavan and the Ministries of the Government of India and the Parliament House, both designed by Baker, is situated on Parliament Street and runs parallel to Rajpath.

To the south, the land leading up to Safdarjung’s mausoleum was acquired to form what is today known as the area of ​​the Lutyens’ bungalow. A circular railway line, called the Imperial Delhi Railway, was built around the Council House (the current Parliament House), to transport building materials and workers for the next twenty years, before construction began on the rocky banks of Raisina Hill.

The last problem was the Agra-Delhi railway line, cutting through the space fixed for the Hexagonal All-India War Memorial (India Gate) and Kingsway (Rajpath), which was a problem because at that time the Old Delhi Railway Station, Used to supply the entire city transport.

The railway line was shifted along the Yamuna River, and it started operating in 1924. The New Delhi Railway Station opened in 1926, with a single platform near Paharganj at Ajmeri Gate, and was completed at the opening of the city in 1931.

When the construction of the Viceroy’s House (present Rashtrapati Bhavan), the Central Secretariat, the Parliament House and the All India War Memorial (India Gate) were nearing completion, the construction of a shopping district and a new plaza, Connaught Place, began in 1929, and ended by 1933. Named after Prince Arthur (1850–1942), the first prince of Connaught, it was designed by Robert Tor Russell, chief architect of the Public Works Department (PWD).

After relocating to the capital of India, Delhi, a temporary secretariat building was constructed in North Delhi in a few months in 1912. A decade before the inauguration of the new capital, most of the government offices of the new capital were shifted from the old secretariat in Old Delhi. Many employees were brought to the new capital from far off parts of India, including the Bengal Presidency and the Madras Presidency.

Along with this, in the 1920s, houses were also constructed for their accommodation in Gol Market. In the 1940s, bungalows for high level government officials were constructed near Lodhi Estate. Lodhi Colony, near Lodhi Gardens, was the last residential area built by the British Raj.

Capital of India after independence

After India gained independence in 1947, New Delhi was granted limited autonomy and its administration started going by the Chief Commissioner appointed by the Government of India. In 1966, Delhi was converted into a Union Territory, and the Chief Commissioner came to be known as the Lieutenant Governor.

Under the Constitution Amendment Act (69th Amendment Act) 1991, the Union Territory of Delhi was formally changed as National Capital Territory of India. The elected government in the state was given broad powers, law and order was made under the central government.

Geography of the Capital of India | Geography of New Delhi

New Delhi (Capital of India) is a small part of the metropolis of Delhi, with a total area of ​​42.7 Sq km. Since the city is situated on the Indus-Gangetic plain, the height of the entire city (Capital of India) is different.

New Delhi (Capital of India) and its surrounding areas were once part of the Aravalli hills, Today some a part of this hill is left, which is Delhi Ridge, it is also called the lung of New Delhi (Capital of India).

New Delhi (Capital of India) is located in the flood zone of the Yamuna River. To the east of the river is the urban area of ​​Shahdara. New Delhi (Capital of India) falls under Seismic Zone-IV, due to which the region is prone to earthquakes.

Earthquake in Capital of India | Earthquake in New Delhi

Most of the earthquakes in New Delhi (Capital of India) are of mild intensity. The number of earthquakes increased between 2011 and 2015.

• In 2015, there was a 5.4 magnitude (highest intensity) earthquake, the epicentre of which was Nepal.
• A 4.7-magnitude earthquake struck on 25 November 2007.
• On September 7, 2011, there was a 4.2-magnitude earthquake.
• On March 5, 2012, there was a 5.2-magnitude earthquake.
• On 12 November 2013, there were four consecutive earthquakes. The intensity of which was 2.5, 2.8, 3.1 and 3.3 respectively.

Climate of Capital of India | Climate of New Delhi

The climate of New Delhi (Capital of India) is bordered by a warm semi-arid climate and a dry-winter humid subtropical climate. There is a high variation in temperature for both summer and winter. In summer the temperature reaches 48°C, while in winter the temperature of New Delhi reaches 0°C.

The climate here is quite different from other cities with humid subtropical climate. It has a long and very hot summer with a dust storm. Whereas the winter season is dry and misty, with winters.

Summers occur from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of summer. The winters in New Delhi start from the month of November and the winters are the highest in January.

The annual average temperature here is around 25°C. The average daily temperature varies from about 14 to 34°C. Occurs between The highest temperature in New Delhi (Capital of India) is 48.4°C. Recorded on 26 May 1998, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was −2.2°C. Recorded on 11 January 1967, both temperatures were recorded at Indira Gandhi International Airport (formerly Palam Airport). The average annual rainfall in New Delhi (Capital of India) is 714 milli meters, most of which occurs during the monsoons in July and August.

Climate of Capital of India Some Information

Air quality in the capital of India, New Delhi

In 2015, air quality and pollution were very high in New Delhi (Capital of India). In 2014, New Delhi (Capital of India) was the most polluted of 1600 cities in the world tested by the World Health Organisation. In 2016, the United States Environmental Protection Agency listed New Delhi (Capital of India) as the most polluted city on earth.

During winter, air pollution in New Delhi (Capital of India) increases greatly. To reduce New Delhi’s pollution, a temporary alternative scheme was announced by the Delhi government in December 2015, for cars using odd and even numbered license plate systems.

In addition, trucks were allowed to enter Delhi only after 11 pm. This restriction was applied as a trial, for an initial period of 15 days from 1 January 2016. The ban was implemented between 8 am and 8 pm and no traffic restrictions were imposed on Sunday. Public transport service was promoted during the ban period.

On 16 December 2015, the Supreme Court of India imposed several restrictions on Delhi’s transportation system to curb pollution. The court ordered a stay on the registration of diesel cars and sport utility vehicles with engine capacity of 2,000cc and above till 31 March 2016.

The court also ordered all taxis in Delhi to use only compressed natural gas (CNG) from 1 March 2016 onwards, In addition, vehicles over 10 years old entering the capital of India were also banned.

Capital of India Map

If you are searching for Capital of India Map i.e. New Delhi Map, then the map given below is of Capital of India (New Delhi).

You can download and use New Delhi Map or Capital of India Map. We have tried to give you the best map of the capital of India.

Capital of India – New Delhi Population

According to the 2011 census, India’s capital, New Delhi, had a total population of 2.2 million. According to an estimate, in 2020, the population of New Delhi, the capital of India, has increased to 2.5 million. The next census in the country will be in 2021, till then we cannot give any accurate information about the population of New Delhi, the capital of India.

Conclusion of Capital of India, New Delhi

In this post, we have tried to give complete information about the capital of India, New Delhi. Hope you like this article “Capital of India Information“. If you liked our article “Capital of India Information” then share it on social media so that your friends can also get the right information about Capital of India.

If you have any question about Capital of India, New Delhi, then you can ask us by commenting. We will try to answer your Capital of India question.